Hugh Harsono

Digital Finance as a Geopolitical Arena: China, Web3, and the Competition Over Africa’s Digital Payments Landscape

A young Nigerian man uses cryptocurrency for peer-to-peer transactions to avoid the challenges of Naira inflation, while thousands of miles away, a farmer in rural Kenya uses her smartphone to access a mobile credit platform for a microloan. These two examples represent just a small sample of how the payments

China’s Digital Yuan and the Fight for Southeast Asia’s Financial Infrastructure

While China’s Belt and Road Initiative often emerges in headlines, a far less visible but potentially more critical campaign is underway in the digital domain. Across Southeast Asia, Beijing is expanding its financial infrastructure reach through the digital yuan, operating firmly in the gray zone by leveraging emerging technology

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Bridging the gap between irregular warfare scholars, practitioners, and policymakers.

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